Lignin is the largest reservoir of aromatic compounds on earth and has great potential to be used in many industrial applications. Alternative methods to produce lignosulfonates from spent sulfite pulping liquors and kraft lignin from black liquor of kraft pulping process are critically reviewed herein. …

Dispersants and concrete additives (plasticizers) account for the widest use of lignosulfonates and sulfonated lignin. This is due to their appropriate molecular weight (10 000–50 000 g mol@1) and anionic charge density (0.1–0.9 meq g@1), stemming from the presence of functional groups.[2, 13, 45, 78, …

Lignin and Lignosulfonate has a high potential available biopolymer that can be converted into various bioproducts. *e main utilization of lignin is for low-grade fuel by burning that can cause wastage of resources and environmental pollution . Only a limited quantity of lignin has been …

Lignin Structure Lignin contains an aromatic structure with an amorphous macromolecule of repeating phenylpropane units, making it a potential precursor to produce materials, fuels, and chemicals. Lignin is the second major component of wood cell walls (20–30%) that serves to cover structural supports and transport …

Lignin Lignin, a highly aromatic macromolecule building plant cells, and cellulose are two of themost commonly occurring natural polymers. Lignin is an abundant, natural, highly branched macromolecule with a high ratio of aromatic rings, present in the cell walls of plants alongside cellulose. The structure …